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## Section: Research Program

### Algebraic Curves for Cryptology

The challenges associated with algebraic curves in cryptology are diverse, because of the variety of mathematical objects to be considered. These challenges are also connected to each other. On the cryptographic side, efficiency matters. With the standardization of TLS 1.3 in 2018 [34], the curves x25519 and x448 have entered the base specification of standard. These curves were designed by academia and offer an excellent compromise between efficiency and security.

On the cryptanalytic side, the discrete logarithm problem on (Jacobians of) curves has resisted all attempts for many years. Among the currently active topics, the decomposition algorithms raise interesting problems related to polynomial system solving, as do attempts to solve the discrete logarithm problem on curves defined over binary fields. In particular, while it is generally accepted that the so-called Koblitz curves (base field extensions of curves defined over $GF\left(2\right)$) are likely to be a weak class among the various curve choices, no concrete attack supports this claim fully.

The research objectives of CARAMBA on the topic of algebraic curves for cryptology are as follows:

• Work on the practical realization of some of the rich mathematical theory behind algebraic curves. In particular, some of the fundamental mathematical objects have potentially important connections to the broad topic of cryptology: Abel-Jacobi map, Theta functions, computation of isogenies, computation of endomorphisms, complex multiplication.

• Improve the point counting algorithms so as to be able to tackle larger problems. This includes significant work connected to polynomial systems.

• Seek improvements on the computation of discrete logarithms on curves, including by identifying weak instances of this problem.